What it is
Interpersonal therapy, or IPT, is a structured, time-limited talking therapy built on a straightforward observation: our relationships and our mental health are deeply connected, and difficulties in one usually affect the other. Rather than focusing on thoughts (as CBT does) or the distant past (as psychodynamic therapy often does), IPT focuses on what is happening now in a person's relationships and life roles, and on a small number of common problem areas: grief and loss, disputes and conflict in relationships, major life changes and transitions, and difficulties forming or keeping relationships.
Why it helps, and the evidence
IPT has strong evidence, particularly for depression, where it performs comparably to other leading treatments, and it has a notable evidence base for depression around childbirth. It is also used for other conditions. It helps because relationship difficulties, losses and transitions are such common triggers and maintainers of depression and anxiety; addressing them directly often lifts mood and restores function.
What to expect
IPT is focused and practical, usually delivered over a set number of sessions. Early on, you and the therapist identify which of the main problem areas is most relevant. The work then concentrates on that area: processing a loss, resolving a relationship conflict, navigating a major change such as a new baby, a job loss or a move, or building social connection. It stays focused on the present and on relationships rather than ranging widely.
Is it right for me
IPT suits people whose difficulties are closely tied to relationships, losses or life changes, and who prefer a focused, time-limited approach. It is a good option for depression, including new mothers. A qualified professional can advise whether it fits. Our Get Support page can help you find services.
When to seek help
If low mood or anxiety has arisen around a loss, a relationship conflict, or a major life change, IPT may be a good fit. Speak with a mental health professional about the options.
Sources
- Cuijpers, P., et al. (2016). Interpersonal psychotherapy for mental health problems: A comprehensive meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(7), 680-687.
- Sockol, L. E. (2018). A systematic review and meta-analysis of interpersonal psychotherapy for perinatal women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 232, 316-328.